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This cookbook shows how to train a verifier graph to evaluate agent performance in the Crafter environment. The verifier learns to verifier execution traces and assign scores that correlate with human evaluation.

​
The Task

Evaluate Crafter agent traces and produce scores: 
Input: V3 trace of agent playing Crafter
Output: {score: 0.85, reasoning: "Agent achieved 4 of 22 achievements..."}

​
Why Train a Verifier?

Instead of using expensive frontier models (GPT-4, Claude) to verifier every agent trace:
  1. Train once on human-labeled traces
  2. Run cheaply on GPT-4o-mini or Groq
  3. Get consistent evaluation across runs
  4. Use as reward for optimization loops

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Dataset Format

A Crafter verifier dataset contains V3 traces with gold scores: 
{
  "version": "1.0",
  "metadata": {
    "name": "crafter-verifier-training",
    "description": "Training data for Crafter episode verifier",
    "default_rubric": {
      "outcome": {
        "criteria": [
          {
            "name": "achievement_progression",
            "description": "How many achievements did the agent unlock?",
            "weight": 2.0
          },
          {
            "name": "survival",
            "description": "Did the agent maintain health, food, and drink?",
            "weight": 1.0
          },
          {
            "name": "resource_collection",
            "description": "Did the agent collect useful resources?",
            "weight": 1.0
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  },
  "tasks": [
    {
      "id": "trace_001",
      "input": {
        "trace": {
          "session_id": "crafter_episode_001",
          "metadata": {
            "environment": "CrafterClassic",
            "difficulty": "easy",
            "seed": 1000
          },
          "session_time_steps": [
            {
              "step_id": "step_0",
              "step_index": 0,
              "events": [
                {
                  "event_id": 1,
                  "event_type": "environment",
                  "metadata": {
                    "hp": 9,
                    "food": 9,
                    "drink": 9,
                    "achievements": 0
                  }
                },
                {
                  "event_id": 2,
                  "event_type": "runtime",
                  "metadata": {
                    "action": "move_right",
                    "reasoning": "Exploring to find resources"
                  }
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "step_id": "step_1",
              "step_index": 1,
              "events": [
                {
                  "event_id": 3,
                  "event_type": "environment",
                  "metadata": {
                    "hp": 9,
                    "food": 8,
                    "drink": 8,
                    "achievements": 1,
                    "new_achievement": "collect_wood"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "event_id": 4,
                  "event_type": "runtime",
                  "metadata": {
                    "action": "do",
                    "reasoning": "Collecting wood for crafting"
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "gold_outputs": [
    {
      "task_id": "trace_001",
      "output": {
        "score": 0.133,
        "event_rewards": [
          {"event_id": 2, "value": 0.5, "annotation": {"reason": "Good exploration"}},
          {"event_id": 4, "value": 1.0, "annotation": {"reason": "Achieved collect_wood"}}
        ],
        "outcome": {
          "achievements_count": 3,
          "total_steps": 100,
          "annotation": {"summary": "Basic early-game progress"}
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "judge_config": {
    "mode": "rubric",
    "model": "gpt-4o-mini"
  }
}

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Key Dataset Requirements

Verifier datasets have specific requirements. Missing these will cause training to fail.

​
1. Task Inputs Must Have Traces

Each task input must contain a trace field with a V3 SessionTrace: 
{
  "id": "trace_001",
  "input": {
    "trace": {
      "session_id": "...",
      "session_time_steps": [...],
      "metadata": {...}
    }
  }
}

​
2. Gold Outputs Must Have Scores

Every gold output must include a score field (float, 0-1): 
{
  "task_id": "trace_001",
  "output": {
    "score": 0.133
  }
}

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3. Events Need Integer IDs

Each event in the trace must have an integer event_id for linking rewards: 
{
  "event_id": 1,
  "event_type": "runtime",
  "metadata": {"action": "move_right"}
}

​
Training the Verifier

from synth_ai.sdk import GraphOptimizationJob

job = GraphOptimizationJob.from_dataset(
    dataset="crafter_verifier_dataset.json",
    graph_type="verifier",  # Critical: specify verifier type
    policy_model="gpt-4o-mini",
    rollout_budget=200,
    target_llm_calls=2,
)

result = job.submit()
print(f"Job ID: {result.graphgen_job_id}")

# Stream progress
final_status = job.stream_until_complete(timeout=3600.0)
print(f"Final correlation: {final_status.best_score:.3f}")

​
Using the Trained Verifier

​
Evaluate a Single Trace

verifier = GraphOptimizationJob.from_existing("graphgen_verifier_xyz", api_key=api_key)

result = verifier.run_judge(
    session_trace={
        "session_id": "new_episode_001",
        "session_time_steps": [...],  # Your agent's trace
        "metadata": {"environment": "CrafterClassic"}
    },
    context={
        "rubric": {
            "outcome": {
                "criteria": [
                    {"name": "achievement_progression", "description": "Achievements unlocked", "weight": 2.0},
                    {"name": "survival", "description": "Health/food/drink management", "weight": 1.0}
                ]
            }
        }
    }
)

print(f"Score: {result['score']:.2f}")
print(f"Reasoning: {result['reasoning']}")
print(f"Event rewards: {result['event_rewards']}")

​
Use as RL Reward Signal

The verifier output integrates directly with synth-ai tracing: 
from synth_ai.core.tracing_v3 import SessionTracer

# After your agent completes an episode
trace = tracer.get_session_trace()

# Get verifier judgement
judgement = verifier.run_judge(
    session_trace=trace,
    context={"rubric": crafter_rubric}
)

# Attach rewards for RL training
for event_reward in judgement["event_rewards"]:
    await tracer.record_event_reward(
        event_id=event_reward["event_id"],
        reward_value=event_reward["value"]
    )

await tracer.record_outcome_reward(
    reward_value=judgement["score"],
    feedback=judgement["reasoning"]
)

​
Crafter Scoring Rubric

The example rubric evaluates Crafter agents on 5 dimensions:
CriterionWeightDescription
Achievement Progression35%Late-game achievements (iron tools, furnace) score higher
Resource Stockpile20%Inventory quality (>20 wood = high score)
Survival State20%Health, food, drink above 50%
Failure Analysis15%How well agent mitigated death risk
Future Readiness10%Preparation for next objectives

​
Trace Compression

Crafter traces can be large (~30KB/step with images). For training, compress to essential data: 
def compress_trace(trace):
    """Strip heavy data, keep essential state."""
    compressed = {
        "session_id": trace["session_id"],
        "metadata": trace["metadata"],
        "session_time_steps": []
    }

    for step in trace["session_time_steps"]:
        compressed_step = {
            "step_id": step["step_id"],
            "step_index": step["step_index"],
            "events": []
        }

        for event in step["events"]:
            compressed_event = {
                "event_id": event["event_id"],
                "event_type": event["event_type"],
                "metadata": {
                    k: v for k, v in event.get("metadata", {}).items()
                    if k not in ["image", "observation", "raw_state"]
                }
            }
            compressed_step["events"].append(compressed_event)

        compressed["session_time_steps"].append(compressed_step)

    return compressed

​
Configuration Tips

​
For Better Correlation with Human Scores

job = GraphOptimizationJob.from_dataset(
    dataset="crafter_verifier_dataset.json",
    graph_type="verifier",
    policy_model="gpt-4o",        # Stronger reasoning
    rollout_budget=500,           # More optimization
    target_llm_calls=3,           # Multi-step evaluation
)

​
For Lower Inference Cost

job = GraphOptimizationJob.from_dataset(
    dataset="crafter_verifier_dataset.json",
    graph_type="verifier",
    policy_model="llama-3.1-8b-instant",  # Groq for speed
    target_llm_calls=1,                    # Single-pass evaluation
)

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